نشریه مطالعات معنوی
پیاپی 27 (بهار و تابستان 1398)

The purpose of this article is to analyze a new spiritual movement in Iran that believes in spiritual pluralism according to the available documents. Ilya Ramallah is the leader of this movement. He has been claiming spiritual therapy, inspiration and supernatural works for many years. His famous "esoteric" tendency is a method called the method of "zad" in which he focuses on reproach, causing deviations in the beliefs and of Ramallah himself and his followers on the name of Elahism. In this essay, the author proves that the structure of the esoteric sciences, rather than assisting man in understanding the divine dimension and spiritual growth, is based on some modern sciences such as "knowledge of success, futurology, semiotics, dreaming and parapsychology". It is, therefore, a pluralistic spirituality. The result of this study is Ramallah's radical tendency toward spiritual pluralism.

New religious movements is a title for groups that have been advocating new ideas and values in recent decades receiving contemporary people to happiness, but there are considerable concerns behind this fascinating claim. This paper according to global concerns tries to show that religious movements have spread rapidly throughout the world in an international fashion and at a specific time. This expansion represents a kind of cultural aggression against the values of many countries. The author concludes that the process of "globalization of spirituality" has been the main cause of the renaissance of the new Pseudo-religion and their eclectic values. Such values have created global tensions and concerns.

Nowadays, yoga has become one of the most important and strategic issues in India and Indian government has made its great efforts to expand it. The Government of India promotes Hindu religion through the promotion of hatha yoga, which has justifies sporting aspect. Yoga, on the other hand, is also one of the most controversial issues in the Islamic world today. It can be revised from some different perspectives. This article briefly reviews the yoga resources in Iran. The main question is how the yoga resources are evaluated scientifically in Iran and what is the role of these resources in promoting yoga in Iran? This article attempts to summarize the yoga resources in Iran from several perspectives; a: scientific value of authorship resources b: Scientific value of translation resources; c. persuasiveness of translation resources; Standardization of translation resources. This paper generally concludes that the content of these sources and their scientific level are far from the main sources of yoga. The criteria of selecting works for translation is commercial rather than scientific quality of the works.

New thought movement is one of the most influential spiritual movements in the last two decades. Prominent writers of this movement have often published their work in the context of American culture. These works have been translated into several languages including Persian and millions of copies have been published in Iran. Much of the content of the work of new thought movement is to present a structured spirituality in the form of self-help and psychological training for success. The present study examines the important personalities of the new thought movement in Iran and the depth of their influence in this regard. This review is based on the influence of books and translations of these works. These works has been survived and monitored on the basis of the number of publishers and translators since the sixties. Final analysis has led us to conclude that in the last two decades, the most comprehensive and active new spiritual movement in Iran, based on published works, is the New thought movement. To the same extent, this movement may have an impact on changing people's beliefs.

This paper aims to survey spiritual pluralism in Islamic mysticism with a descriptive-analytic method having a comparative study of spiritual pluralism in Krishnamurti's discourse with Islamic mysticism. Krishnamurti has spoken of spiritual pluralism and the attainment of ultimate and transcendent truth. In the imagination of pluralism as well as the ultimate truth he's been caught in a paradox. He accepts pluralism as a plurality of esoteric experiences on the one hand, and at the same time he considers that the meditation is the only appropriate way for receiving to the transcendent and ultimate truth. He has spoken of reaching to the ultimate truth, but in some respects has reduced it to a subjective and imaginary matter. He denies any transcendent sacred thing as objective and considers the ultimate goal as a feeling of joy and happiness. In contrast, Islamic mysticism acknowledges all spiritual experience, but only one complete spiritual experience. Islamic mysticism has accepted the ultimate truth as an objective and has considered the orders of divine prophets to be the best way for receiving to it. Religious teachings are consistent with the inclusiveness of spiritual experiences, not with monopoly and pluralism. According to this paper, Islamic mysticism differs from Krishnamurti's mysticism, both in the image of the ultimate truth and in the way it is attained.

This paper aims to discuss the concept and nature of religious and mystical experience, and related concepts such as discovery, intuition, and manifestation. One of the functions of religion in the realm of individual life is the experiences that confront one with religious affairs, which has termed "religious experience" or particularly "mystical experience". Mystical experience indicates that our life is linked to, and benefited from, the larger spiritual world, because our lives have both tangible and intangible areas. The mystic feels that what is found has content, meaning and reality and is a kind of direct perception of reality. Mystical experience is the account of the triumph of the human spirit over the body. It is the result of the prominence of human spirit.